Spring loop forming device



May 2, 1950 J. s. BURGE EI'AL 2,505,942

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SPRING LOOP FORMING DEVICE Filed Jan. 9, 1947 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS W 4 42m BY m/CW izz ya? Filed Jan. 9, 1947 J. s. BURGE ETAL 2,505,942

SPRING LOOP FdRMING DEVICE l2 Sheets-Sheet 6 May 2, 1950 J. s. BURGE ETAL SPRING LOOP FORMING DEVICE l2 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Jan. 9, 1947 miwwmf I N V EN TOR:

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SPRING LOOP FORMING DEVICE Filed Jan. 9, 1947 12 Sheets-Sheet 1.1

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May 2 195G Filed Jan. 9, 1947 J. s. BURGE ET AL 2,505,942

SPRING LOOP FORMING DEVICE 12 Sheets-Sheet l2:

INVENTORS JAMES .5. BURGE HILTON J. MKEE mm WARREN M RIDER By W, HTTORN 5Y5 Patented May 2, 195

SPRING LOOP FORMING DEVICE James S. Burge, Anderson, Hilton J. McKee, Middletown, and Warren M. rtider, Anderson, Ind., assignors to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Micln, a corporation of Delaware Application January 9, 1947, Serial No. 721,068

Claims. 1

This invention relates to the manufacture of helical springs provided at their ends with loops which lie in the same plane.

An object of the invention is to provide a machine which receives springs as formed by a spring coiling machine and bends the end turns of each spring in such a manner that the completed spring will have its end loops lie in the same plane.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein a preferred embodiment of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a machine embodying the present invention.

Figs. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing the transmission power from an electric motor to various shafts.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line l4 of Fig. 2 showing loop-forming dies.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line 55 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional View showing on a larger scale, some of the parts shown in Fig. 4 in closed position with a spring between them.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view on line 7-7 of Fig. 4 and looking in the direction of arrow I of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a mechanism for retaining a spring upon a workholder provided by the lower die, the part in section being taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view on line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a front elevation partly in section of the hopper feed.

Fig. 11 is a side view thereof partly in section on line li-ll of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view on line l2-l2 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a rear elevation in the direction of arrow 13 of Fig. 11 showing the mechanism for operating the hopper feed, the part in section being taken on line |3-l3 of Fig. 14.

Fig. 14 is a view looking in the direction of arrow M of Fig. 13, the part in section being on line |4-l4 of Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a front elevation of a mechanism for feeding the springs horizontally after they descend from the hopper feed.

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary plan view in the direction of arrow l6 of Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a sectional view on line l1 l1 of Fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is an end view of the adjacent parts in Fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a sectional view on line l9-I9 of Fig. 17 and is drawn to a larger scale showing a spring in its location before the horizontal movement of the spring to the right has started.

Fig. 20 is a view similar to Fig. 19, showing the spring as it is moved horizontally.

Fig. 21 is a plan view showing portions of the mechanisms for shifting the spring horizontally.

Fig. 22 is a fragmentary side view in the direction of arrow 22 of Fig. 21.

Fig. 23 is a sectional view on line 23-23 of Fig. 21.

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary plan view showing the continuation of one of the mechanisms shown in Fig. 21.

Fig. 25 is a. side elevation thereof in the direction of arrow 25 of Fig. 24.

Fig. 26 is a view in the direction of arrow 26 of Fig. 1, showing a mechanism for causing the spring to turn as it moves horizontally.

Fig. .27 is a view in the direction of arrow 21 of Fig. 26.

Fig. 28 is a timing chart.

Fig. 29 is a detail plan view showing the arrangement of cams on a shaft and taken on line 29-29 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 30 shows a severed length of a helical coiled spring before the loops on opposite ends thereof are formed.

Fig. 31 is a plan view of the spring after the loops have been formed by the machine.

Referring to Fig. 1, the machine comprises a punch press A for causing an upper die assembly 13 to move relative to a lower die assembly C for the purpose of forming the spring loops. The springs are fed by a hopper feed D to a guide E capable of horizontal movement relative to the dies. The guide E is operated by a mechanism F. The spring within the guide E is moved rela tive to the guide to deposit it upon the lower die 0 by a mechanism G and, during such move? ment, the spring is turned by a mechanism H for the purpose of bringing the end turns of the spring into proper position.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, the frame it of the press A provides a bracket ll carrying a hinge pin l2 with which a plate 13 is pivotally connected. Plate I3 receives a screw l i engaging nuts l5 and I6 and having an eye I! attached by a screw I B to the press frame. Plate 13 supports a frame 20 enclosing a speed reducer 2i and supporting an electric motor M which, through the speed reducer, drives pulley 22. Shaft 22 is connected by a double belt 23 with a flywheel pulley 24 which drives the press crankshaft 25 having an eccentric 26 connected with a pitman or connecting rod 2'! for reciprocating a press slide or ram 28 which carries the upper die assembly B. The belts 23 are tightened by shifting the nuts I5 and I6 along the screw I4 in order to move the plate I3.

The shaft 25, which is connected to the flywheel 24 by the usual clutch (not shown) which automatically disengages at the end of one revolution of shaft 25, drives a sprocket 30 connected by a chain 3| with a sprocket 32 of the same diameter as 30, which drives a cam shaft 33 supported by hearing brackets 33A and 33b (see Figs.

1 and 26). Chain 3I passes over an idle sprocket 35 which is adjustable vertically to take up the slack in the chain. Cam shaft 33 makes one revolution for each revolution of the press shaft 25. 36 connected by a chain 31 with a sprocket 38 which drives a shaft 49.

Referring to Fig. 13, shaft 40 is supported by a bearing 41 mounted in a plate 4?- and in a bearing 43 supported by tubular bracket 44. Press frame I8 supports'parts 42 and M. Shaft 40 drives a crank disc d5 carrying a crank pin stud 45 on which is journaled a ball bearing 4-7. The pin passes through a washer 46a which holds the inner race against the crank disc t5 and the outer race of which is secured to connecting rod 48 by a plate 45. Referring to Figs. 10 and 11, rod 48 is connected with a lever 5e pivoted at 5| on a frame 52 which supports a bracket 53 carrying a hopper 54 for receiving springs. oroutlet 55 of the hopper provides a bearing sleeve 5'6 for a jiggler 51 having a grooved collar 58 receiving pins 59 carried by the bifurcated rightendfiflof lever 50. The jiggler 5'! is tapered, as shown in Fig. 10, at its upper end to assist in causing the springs to descend through the central bore .of the jiggler and through a tube 8| supported by brackets 62 and 63 attached to frame 52 and merging with a tube 6t supported by bracket 63 and a bracket 55 and leading into a discharge tube 66.

To provide for discharge of the springs singly through the tube 66, the mechanism shown in Figs. 11, 13 and 14 is provided. Thismechanism include-sa cam 10 driven by shaft 33 in engaging a follower 'lI carried by lever 12 pivoted at E3 on a bracket 13a and urged clockwise by a spring 14.. Lever i2 is connected by rod with a lever 76 attached to a shaft ll. Shaft T! (Fig. 12) provides, a. lever it. which operates a horizontally moving rod 19 (Fig. 11) having a projection 80 received. within the tube 64. Rod '19 has a shoulderBI for receiving the lower end of lever 82 pivoted at 83- and having its upper end engageable with a. shoulder 84 of a rod 85 having a projection 86 extendable within the tube 64. Bracket 8511 supports rods 85 and i9 and lever 82. A spring 8'! urges the rod 85 toward the right to maintain the engagement of shoulder 84 with lever 82 and the latter. with the shoulder 8|. of the rod 19.. As the cam 70 rotates, the rods '39 and 85 are caused to reciprocate in opposite directions, thereby causing the springs to drop sing- 1y through the tube 66.

The spring passes singly from the tube 66 through an opening 89 in a guide support 90 and into a guide 9! (E in Fig. 1) supported for horizontal movement by part 90 (see Figs. 15 to 1'7). The right end of the tube 9! through which the spring must pass to the dies B and C receives a Speed reducer pulley 22 drives a sprocket :1"

The neck shoe 92 urged downwardly by a bale spring 93 retained by a block 94 and a screw 95. The spring engaging surface of shoe 92 is indicated by dotdash lines in Figs. 19 and 20. The purpose of the shoe is to supply yielding pressure of the spring S so as to resist its horizontal and rotary movement by means to be described.

The guide SI is shifted horizontally toward and away from the dies by a means which includes a cam I00 (Fig. 25) driven by shaft 33 and engaging a follower IUI carried by lever I02 pivoted at I85 and urged clockwise by a spring HM surrounding a rod iii-5 attached at I05 to the lever and supported by a bracket Hi7. Spring I04, which is retained under compression between the bracket iil'l and a spring seat I93 provided by the rod I05, urges the rod toward the right. The upper end of the lever I02 is pivotally connected with a rod Ill pivotally connected at III with a lever H2 which as shown in Fig 21, is pivotally supported on a rod II3 carried by brackets H4. Lever H2 is provided witha bifurcated arm II5 carrying pins I Hi connected with shoes I H received by a grooved collar H3 which nuts H9 (Fig. 17) clamp against a shoulder I28 of the guide BI which is providedwith a longitudinal slot [21' receiving the end of a screw pin it? attached to the guide support 90. A function of this mechanism is to place the end of the guide 3| close to the dies while they are separated so that a spring, discharged from the guide by means to be described, will be placed upon the lower die; and then to retract the guide efore the dies are closed. Referring to Fig. 21, the approach of the guide S-lto the dies is limited by stop screw I25 engaged by the'le-ver H2. Nut I26 retains screw I25 in'adjustedposition relative to a bracket I2? which is fixed to an upright plate I30 which supports the brackets I21 and H4 and a plate I-E I- which supports the part 50.

The spring S received within the guide 9| is shifted horizontally relative thereto as well as to the guide support 96 by a rod or arbor I40 having. a tip I4 I. (Fig. 19 which projects into. the

spring and havin a helicalsurface I42 of the same pitch as the spring coilsand a shoulder I43- capable of engaging a cut-offend sI at the left end of spring S. As the rod I48 is moved right by means to be described, it pushes the spring S under the shoe 92. which resists motion of the spring. As the rod lllilmoves right, it also rotatesand the surface I43 thereof engages. spring end sI. When one turn of rotation of rod Mi] in one direction is completed, the spring'left end sI will be. located in a vertical plane (see Fig. 20) intersecting the center line of the spring andv the. right end 82 of spring will also belocated. in? said vertical plane. During rotation of. spring S for the purpose described; it isdeposited on the spring support 212 (Fig. 4) of die asse'rnbly'C and is clamped thereagainst by a fingerv 230 so that the spring S remains on the wcrkholder 2I2 in correctposition after the guide E or 9| and thearbor I40 have been retractedtothe left.

The means for shifting the rod or arbor I40 horizontally is shown in Figs. 15, 16 17, 21. and 22. A cam I56 driven by shaft 33 actuates a follower I5I carried by a lever t52. having a hub 553- (Fig. 23) journaled on bearings I 55 supported by a rod 555 supported by a bracket I5 3. This means for pivotally supporting levers is typical of the supports used for other levers of operating mechanisms. Lever H52 is connected by rod L51 with a lever I59 whose hub 55971 is journaled on a stud I-59S supported by a bracket I58. Springs I59a connected with the lever I59 and a stud I60 urge the levers I52 and I59 counterclockwise. Lever I59 has a bifurcated end I6I carrying pins I62 engaging shoes I63 received by a grooved collar I64 connected with the arbor I40. The hub of the collar I64 is split at I640, (Fig. 16) and receives screws I64b by which said hub can be clamped to the arbor I40.

The arbor I40 is rotated by a mechanism shown in Figs. 26 and 27 which comprises a cam I10 driven by shaft 33 and engageable with a follower I1I carried by a lever I12 pivoted at I13 and connected by a rod I14 with a clevis I15 supporting a pin I16 connected with a chain I11 which passes around a sprocket I18 and is connected by a pin I19 with a clevis I80 connected by a pair of springs I8I with a spring post I82. The springs I8I operate to maintain the roller I1I in engagement with the cam I10 and to effect clockwise movement of the sprocket -I18. As shown in Fig. 17, sprocket I18 is connected with the head I85 of a tubular shaft I86 supported by ball bearings I81 mounted in a bracket I88 supported by a plate I3I which is supported by the vertical plate I30 and a vertical plate I29 (Fig. 26) which supports the top plate I28. Horizontal movement of the shaft I86 is prevented by a nut I89 threaded thereon. The tubular shaft I86 has an internally squared portion 190 which receives the squared portion I9I of arbor I40, thereby providing a driving connection between the sprocket I18 and the arbor I40 in any horizontal position of the latter. The mechanism causes the arbor I40 to make one revolution during each cycle. Consequently the spring ends sI and s2 will always be brought to the vertical plane before mentioned regardless of location of these spring ends prior to the rotation of the arbor I40. The extent of the horizontal movement of the arbor I40 is controlled by a stop screw I96 (Fig. 21) retained in adjusted position by set screw I91 in relation to a bracket I98 supported by the plate I28 which also supports the spring stud I60.

Referring to Fig. 4, the lower die assembly C comprises a base plate 200 supporting a plate I and a U-shaped block 202, to which side plates 203 (Fig. 5) are attached by dowels 20% and screws 203a. Within the block 202 there are located two blocks 205 and 206 having springloop engaging surfaces 201 and 208, respectively, which are inclined in opposite directions as shown in Fig. 7. Between the blocks 205 and 206 there is located a loop spreader 2 II having loops engaging edges 209 and 2I0, respectively, for engaging the left and right end turns of spring S. Between the surfaces 209 and 2I0 there is located a spring-receiving block 2 I2 supported by a pin 2 I3 and urged upwardly by a spring 2I4 (Fig. 6). The block 2I2 has a notch 2I5 (Fig. 5) for receiving the spring. The parts 205, 2 and 206 are supported in normal position by springs 2I6, 2I1 and 2 I8, respectively, which urge these parts upwardly so that the upper side surfaces of notches 204 in plate 203 receive side lugs of these parts. Side lugs 205a of part 205 are shown in Fig. 7. Side lugs 2I Ia of part III are shown in Fig. 5. Part 206 has side lugs like 2050, of part 205.

The upper die assembly B comprises a plate 220 having holes therethrough for receiving pilot rods 22I attached to the base plate 200. Plate 220 supports a block 222 providing faces 223 and 224 (Fig. 7) parallel respectively to surfaces 201 and 208 of blocks 205 and .206. Block 222 supports a pressure pad 225 urged downwardly by a spring 226 retained by a plug 221. Pad 225 provides a notch 228 (Fig. 5) for receiving a part of the spring and a notch 229 (Fig. 4) transverse to 5 notch 228 which provides clearance for retaining finger 230 (Fig. 9) provided by a bar 23I pivoted at 232 on a post 233 and urged downwardly by springs 234. Before the spring S is located upon member 2I2, the finger 230 is raised by a mechanism comprising a cam 240 (Fig. 9) operated by a shaft 33 and contacting a roller 24I carried by a lever 242 pivoted at 243 on a bracket 243a and connected with a lever 244 which is urged clockwise by a spring 245. Lever 244 is connected by a link 246 with a lever 241 having a hub 241a which, as is shown in Fig. 8, is supported by bearings 248 supported by a rod 249. Lever 241 carries a roller 250. When the cam 240 engages the roller 24I as shown in Fig. 9, the finger 230 is raised to permit location of the spring S upon the spring holder 2I2. When the low land of the cam 240 engages the roller 24I, the roller 250 drops to permit the springs 234 to pull finger 230 down against the spring S.

After the spring S has been placed by mechanisms F and G upon the workholder 2 I2 and has been engaged by the finger 230 and rotation of the spring S has been completed by mechanism H to locate its end turns properly, and after the retraction of the mechanisms F and G to clear the dies, the upper die assembly B is cause to descend to force the spring into the position shown in Fig. 6,

thereby causing relative movement between the spring and the parts 209 and 2I0 which cause the end turns of the spring to be bent outwardly so that they may be engaged, respectively, by surfaces 201, 223 and by surfaces 208, 224 as shown in Fig. 7. The spring loops or eyes formed by the end turns are in oppositely inclined planes in Fig. 7. The divergency of these planes is such that when the die assembly B is elevated the end loops of spring S will return by spring resiliency to the same plane. After the spring S is thus provided with eyes, the finger 230 is lifted; and another spring is pushed to the right upon the part 2I2 and the finished spring falls into a chute X (Fig. 1).

On each drawing of the cams, cam 10 (Fig. 14), cam I00 (Fig. 25), cam I (Fig. 22), cam I10 (Fig. 26), cam 240 (Fig. 9), there is placed a dotdash line marked home. The home line of the cam will intersect the axis of the cam follower roller when the cam is in home position which it occupies at the end of a cycle which is the instant the press die B is in upper position and the press would ordinarily stop due to the normal action of its clutch. Consequently the movements of the mechanisms take place as shown in Fig. 28. As long as motor M operates, jiggler 51 (Fig. 11) reciprocates.

Ordinarily the press shaft would stop automatically at the end of one revolution. The cycle is started by moving lever L down for an instant. A spring not shown urges lever L up to cause the press clutch to disengage at the end of one revolution of the press shaft. To maintain continuous operation of the press shaft, the lever L is held down by moving to the left a handle N attached to a latch bar not shown.

shaft 33 and the structure J of parts I28, I29. I30 and I3I which support guide E, guide support 90, arbor I40 and parts of mechanisms F, G and H.

The operation of the present machine is as Table K (Fig. 1) supports the press A and cam follows: During the operation of the machine a, length of a helical coiled spring, as shown in Fig. 30, is released from the tube 64 by opposite reciprocating movements of the rods 19 and 85' (Fig. 11); as heretofore described. When the rod 19 is moved to the left the required distance a' single spring is released and descends into. guide 95 in front of arbor MD after which the arbor moves the spring S to the right (Fig. 17) to place the spring under shoe, 92 which resists horizontal and rotary movement of the spring. When the arbor Mt moves to the right it is rotated one revolution so that the ends of the spring will be in a vertical plane. During the rotation of the spring the arbor places the spring upon support 2E2 (Fig. 4). The spring is then held on the support by finger 238. Before the spring is positioned on the support the finger is raised and out of the path of the spring. When the .spring is on the support the finger grips the spring and the guide 9| and arbor retract to the position to receive another spring. As the spring is being held by finger 230 on the support 2l2 the upper die assembly B descends causing the outer ends of the spring to be bent outwardly (Fig. 6)

.so that they may be engaged, respectively by surfaces 21)], 223 and by surfaces 208, 224 (Fig. '7). 'The spring loops formed by the end turns are in oppositely inclined planes. When the die B is elevated the end loops of spring S will return by spring resiliency to the same plane. After the spring S is formed with loops the finger 23B is lifted, another spring is placed on the support 212 by the arbor Mil and the finished spring falls into the chute X (Fig. 1).

While the embodiment of the present inven- "tion as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred :form, it is to be understood that other forms imight be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. A machine for forming loops or eyes on the ends of helical coil springs comprising a press having dies for bending the end turns of the spring away from the other turns, a spring guide which guides the spring for axial movement toward the dies, means for moving the guide to a location close to the dies whil separated and for retracting the guide in advance of the closing or" the dies, a tube receiving springs in stacked relation, means for causing springs to pass singly from the tube to the guide, means for moving a spring axially in the guide to a location between the dies and for turning it to position its end turns correctly, means for retaining the spring in the correct position between the dies While they are closing, and means for operating the press and all of said means in timed relation.

2. A machine for forming loops or eyes on the ends of helical coil springs comprising a press having dies for bending the end turns of the spring away from the other turns, a hopper for containing springs, a discharge tube, means for causing springs to be discharged from the hopper axially into the tube, means for causing the springs to be discharged singly from the tube, a spring guide which receives springs discharged singly from said tube and guides a spring axially toward the dies, means for moving the guide to a location close to the dies while separated and for retracting the guide in advance of the closing of the dies, means for moving a spring axially in the guide to a location between the dies and for turning it to position its end turns correctly, means for retaining the spring in the 8: correct position between the dies while they are closing, and means for operating the press and all of said means in timed relation.

3. A machine for forming loops or eyes on the ends of helical coil springs comprising, a press having a stationary die and a vertically'movable die for bending the opposite end turns of the spring simultaneously away from the other turns, said stationary die including a biased springreceiving block vertically shiftably mounted therein and said movable die having a pad shiftably mounted therein, said pad being biased whereby when the pad engages the spring it will cause the spring and the block to move inwardly within the stationary die which causes the end turns of the spring to be bent outwardly by the dies; means for feeding the springs on the pad, and means for operating the feeding means and the press in timed relation.

4. A machine for forming loops or eyes on the ends of helical coil springs comprising, a press having a stationary die and a vertical movable die for bending the opposite end turns of the spring simultaneously away from the other turns, said stationary die including a biased spring receiving block vertically shiftably mounted therein and said movable die having a pad shiftably mounted therein, said pad being biased whereby when the pad engages the spring it will cause the spring and the block to move inwardly within the stationary die which causes the end turns of the spring to be bent outwardly by the dies; means for moving a spring axially to a location between the dies and for turning it to position its end turns correctly on the block; means for retaining the spring in correct position on the block while the dies are closing; and means for operating the press and all of the means in timed relation.

5. A machine for forming loops or eyes on the ends of helical coil springs comprising, a press having a stationary die and a vertical movable die for bending the opposite end turns of the spring simultaneously away from the other turns, said stationary die including a biased spring-receiving block vertically shlftably mounted therein and said movable die having a pad shift ably mounted therein, said pad being biased whereby when the pad engages the spring it will cause the spring and the block to move inwardly within the stationary die which causes the end turns of the spring to be bent outwardly by the dies; a spring guide which guides the spring for axial movement toward the dies; means for moving the guide to a. location close to the dies while separated and for retracting the guide in advance of the closing of the dies; an arbor movable axially within the guide to push the sprin axially out of the guide to a location between the pad and block of the dies and having projection means engageable with the end surface of an end turn of the pring whereby'rotation of the arbor while it engages a spring causes the spring end loops to becorrectly located relative to the pad and block; means for moving the arbor axially, means for rotating the arbor; means for retaining the spring in correct position on the block while the movable die approaches the stationary die; and means for operating the press and all of said means in timed relation.

JAMES S. BURGE. HILTON J. MoKEE. WARREN M. RIDER.

(References on following page) 9 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the tile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 689,520 Sanker Dec. 24, 1901 1,065,336 Bigelow June 24, 1913 1,083,223 Sleeper Dec. 30, 1913 Number 10 Name Date Barrett et a1. Oct. 27, 1914 Birnzweig June 12, 1917 Jacoby Mar. 5, 1918 Gail May 10, 1927 McGregor Nov. 4, 1930 Migro Aug. 23, 1932 Cook Jan. 30, 1940 Peterson Nov. 16, 1943 

